Munroe Island – The Hidden Gem of Kerala's Backwaters

Munroe Island is a hidden gem offering serene backwater beauty, slow life, cultural richness, and eco-friendly exploration. If you’re in/near Kollam, this is a must‑visit for a truly immersive Kerala experience—far from the crowds of Alleppey.

Location & How to Reach

Geography: A cluster of eight islets (total ~13.4 km²) at the confluence of the Kallada River and Ashtamudi Lake, around 25–27 km from Kollam city .

By Rail:

Train to Munroturuttu station (on the island) or Sathankotta (6 km + canoe).

Kollam Junction → ~20 min train (auto-taxi onwards), ₹800) .

By Road:

Taxi or self-drive from Kollam (~26 km), Trivandrum (~80 km).

Follow road via Kundara → Munroe–Chittumala road .

By Water:

Boat/ferry via Kerala State Water Transport (KSWTD) from Kollam jetty.

Backwater cruises from DTPC/Kollam Boat Club also available .

Best Time to Visit

October to March (Winter): Pleasant, dry, ideal for cruises & exploration .

June to September (Monsoon): Lush surroundings but heavy rains may limit activities .

March to May (Summer): Hot and humid, but good for festival-goers .

Things to Do & See

Canoe / Kayak Tours:

Paddle through narrow canals and mangrove arches on 2–3 hour guided trips.

Ideal for sunrise and sunset tours—most popular activity .

Backwater Cruises:

Traditional houseboat or motorboat excursions showcasing villages, lagoons, prawn farms, coir-making and daily life .

Visit Coir & Cashew Factories:

Witness traditional processes: retting, weaving, rope making .

Dutch Church (1878):

Iconic red-brick structure blending Dutch-Kerala architecture, set by Ashtamudi waters .

Kallada Boat Race:

Annual vallam kali held ~28 days after Onam; spectacular boat race visible from the island .

Walking & Cycling:

Village trails passing paddy fields, shoreline farms, and local homestays.

Bird & Wildlife Watching:

Spot kingfishers, herons, egrets, parrots around mangroves .

Stay & Local Experiences

Homestays:

Simple, immersive stays (~₹2 000–3 000/night), many with canoe/kayak included .

Resorts & Private Farms:

Options like Vini’s Farm (private island), resorts offering modern amenities and local cuisine .

Local Hospitality:

Guests serve farm-fresh meals on banana leaves, evening relaxation over beers, rooftop chillouts.

Travel Tips

Be eco-friendly – use reusable bottles, avoid plastic, respect silence and nature .

Avoid booking during peak monsoon (June–Sept) unless you enjoy heavy rains.

Coordinate boat/auto pick-up through your homestay.

Ideal for peace seekers – not heavy nightlife; best for nature, culture, relaxation.

Periyar- The Longest river in Kerala

Periyar River – The Lifeline of Kerala

The Periyar River, meaning "big river," is Kerala’s longest and most vital river. Spanning approximately 244 kilometers, it is not only the state’s longest river but also boasts the highest discharge potential. As one of the few perennial rivers in Kerala, it plays a central role in sustaining the state’s economy, ecology, and daily life.

This mighty river originates in the Western Ghats, with its source located in the remote forests of the Periyar Tiger Reserve, possibly near Chokkampatti Mala. Though there have been debates regarding its point of origin, the Supreme Court of India confirmed in 2014 that Periyar flows entirely within Kerala, and Tamil Nadu is not a riparian state.

A River of Many Roles

Periyar is often called the “Lifeline of Kerala” for the wide range of services it provides. It supplies drinking water to many major towns, including Kochi, which draws its water from Aluva, located upstream and free from seawater intrusion. The river is a vital source for irrigation, fisheries, and domestic use, supporting thousands of people along its course.

Crucially, the river also fuels the state’s energy needs. It powers the Idukki Hydroelectric Project, one of the biggest power sources in Kerala, with dams at Idukki, Cheruthoni, and Kulamavu. The Periyar also flows through areas of intense industrial activity, especially around Eloor and Edayar near Kochi, which hosts nearly 25% of Kerala’s industries.

The Journey of the Periyar

From its forested origin, the river flows through rugged valleys and ridges, receiving tributaries like the Mullayar River near Mullakudy. At this point, the Mullaperiyar Dam forms the Periyar Lake and supports the Periyar National Park, a rich wildlife habitat.

A portion of the river's water is diverted eastward to Tamil Nadu for agricultural and power generation purposes under the Parambikulam-Aliyar Project (PAP) agreement. This inter-basin transfer supports the Vaigai River basin in Tamil Nadu.

Downstream, the river flows through Vandiperiyar, Elappara, and Ayyappancoil before entering the Idukki Reservoir. From here, it journeys northward and is joined by tributaries like Perinjankutty and Muthirapuzha, flowing through Neriamangalam and into the Ernakulam district.

At Aluva, the river splits into two major distributaries – the Mangalapuzha and Marthandavarma branches. The Mangalapuzha joins the Chalakudy River and flows into the Lakshadweep Sea, while the Marthandavarma branch meanders through industrial zones like Udhyogamandal before merging into the Vembanad Backwaters at Varapuzha.

Tributaries of the Periyar

Major tributaries:

• Mullayar

• Muthirapuzha

• Cheruthoni

• Perinjankutty

• Edamala

Minor tributaries include:

• Chinnar

• Kattappanayar

• Muthayar

• Perunthuraiar

Although the Chalakudy River is geologically a tributary of the Periyar, it is usually treated as an independent river in administrative records.

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A Symbol of Life and Progress

The Periyar is more than just a river—it is the heartbeat of Kerala’s development and environmental balance. From powering cities and industries to nourishing farms and forests, it continues to flow through the cultural and ecological fabric of the state. Protecting this vital waterway is crucial for ensuring a sustainable future for Kerala.

Thattekad- area attracted with the highest number of birds in India.

Thattekad – Kerala’s Birdwatcher’s Paradise

Nestled in the lush green heart of Kerala, Thattekad is a serene destination located in the Kothamangalam taluk of Ernakulam district, about 60 kilometers from Kochi. Resting between two branches of Kerala’s longest river, the Periyar, this area is elevated between 35 to 523 meters above sea level and spans around 25 square kilometers. It is best known for its famous bird sanctuary, which draws nature lovers and ornithologists from across the globe.

The Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary

Thattekad's major attraction is the Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, established in 1983 by the Government of Kerala. The sanctuary is named after Dr. Salim Ali, India’s legendary ornithologist, who surveyed the area in the 1930s and described it as one of the richest bird habitats in peninsular India. His recommendation led to the preservation of this unique forested ecosystem.

The sanctuary is perched on the Njiyapilli Hill and features a vibrant mix of evergreen and deciduous forest, marshes, and grasslands. It supports an astonishing 280+ species of birds, making it a haven for birdwatchers and wildlife enthusiasts.

Birds and Wildlife

Among the many birds found here are the crimson-throated barbet, black-winged kite, night heron, grey heron, sunbirds, bee-eaters, cuckoos, woodpeckers, and the jungle nightjar. The rare Sri Lanka frogmouth and Malabar grey hornbill also call Thattekad home. Alongside birds, the surrounding forests shelter elephants, sloth bears, leopards, and various other mammals.

Visiting the Sanctuary

Visitors must be accompanied by licensed guides, who are knowledgeable about the terrain and bird species. Guides typically charge around INR 1000 per day and assist in securing entry permits. The sanctuary also offers unique accommodation options:

• Watchtower stay: A basic two-bed facility with a kitchen and restroom, perfect for immersive experiences.

• Dormitory and Forest Department guesthouse: Ideal for larger groups and families.

How to Reach Thattekad

Thattekad is accessible by multiple modes of transport:

• By Air: The nearest airport is Cochin International Airport (Nedumbassery).

• By Train: The closest railway station is Aluva, from where taxis or buses can be hired.

• By Road: Regular buses connect Ernakulam to Kothamangalam, and from there, local buses or taxis reach Thattekad.

Best Time to Visit

The ideal time to explore Thattekad is between September and March, when the weather is pleasant and wildlife sightings are frequent. The area experiences:

• Winter (Sep–Jan): Cool and comfortable, with temperatures ranging from 18°C to 25°C.

• Summer (Feb–May): Warmer, between 24°C and 32°C, but still suitable for early morning birding.

• Monsoon (Jun–Aug): Heavy rainfall transforms the region into a lush green paradise, though trekking may be limited.

Nearby Attractions

Thattekad’s strategic location makes it a great base for exploring other scenic destinations such as:

• Alleppey Backwaters

• Cardamom Hills

• Periyar Tiger Reserve

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A Sanctuary for the Soul

Thattekad is more than just a birdwatching site—it is a quiet retreat where nature reigns supreme. Whether you're an ornithologist, a trekker, or a curious traveler, Thattekad promises an unforgettable experience in the wild heart of Kerala.

Athirappilly Waterfalls

Athirappilly Waterfalls – Kerala’s Majestic Cascade

Athirappilly, nestled on the eastern side of Chalakudy in Thrissur district, is one of Kerala’s most stunning natural attractions. Known for its dramatic 42-meter high waterfalls, Athirappilly lies at the edge of the Sholayar forest range in the Western Ghats, amidst lush greenery and tropical rainforests.

This breathtaking location sits about 300 meters above sea level and spans across nearly 15,000 hectares of rich forest. These include evergreen, semi-evergreen, and moist deciduous riparian forests, forming one of the most ecologically significant regions in South India. Athirappilly is part of the Vazhachal Forest Division, which also includes Charpa, Vazhachal, Kollathirumedu, and Sholayar forest ranges.

Athirappilly is internationally recognized as a biodiversity hotspot. It shelters numerous endangered and endemic species of plants and animals. Unique in its low-altitude forest landscape, the area is especially significant for biologists and nature lovers. The region is home to rare wildlife including the lion-tailed macaque, Asiatic elephants, tigers, leopards, sambar deer, bison, and four species of hornbills—including the Great Hornbill, Kerala’s state bird.

The mighty Chalakudy River, originating in the Anamudi hills of the Western Ghats, flows through the forest and tumbles over rugged rocks to form the spectacular Athirappilly waterfalls. These segmented falls are around 220 meters wide and consist of three streams, creating a roaring sight especially during the monsoon.

The area is also the traditional home of the Kadar tribe, one of Kerala’s indigenous forest-dwelling communities. The Kadars are skilled in sustainable collection of forest produce like honey, wax, and medicinal plants.

With over 300 species of flowering plants—24 of which are endemic to the Western Ghats—and several rare fish and bird species, Athirappilly is a paradise for ecologists. The Chalakudy River alone supports 85 freshwater fish species, with many of them being found nowhere else.

Visitors can explore nearby attractions like Vazhachal Waterfalls, Charpa Falls, Anakkayam, Thumpurmuzhi Gardens, Sholayar and Peringalkuthu Dams, and even go on eco-trails into wildlife sanctuaries like Parambikulam and Malayattoor. Adventure activities like trekking and river rafting also attract thrill-seekers.

Athirappilly is accessible by road and lies about 63 km from Thrissur, 30 km from Chalakudy, and 55 km from Cochin International Airport. The nearest railway station is Chalakudy, 31 km away, while Ernakulam and Thrissur are major rail hubs within easy reach.

The best time to visit is between September and February, when the weather is cool and the waterfall is at its most majestic.

Thenmala, an ecotourism centre

Thenmala – India’s First Planned Eco-Tourism Destination

Nestled in the serene hills of Kollam district, Thenmala sits at an elevation of about 1,640 feet above sea level, offering visitors a perfect blend of nature, adventure, and conservation. Located approximately 72 km from Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala’s capital, Thenmala lies on the Kollam–Shencottai Road (NH-208) and is bordered by the lush Shenduruney Wildlife Sanctuary. The name "Thenmala" means "honey hill", and the region truly lives up to this poetic title.

Thenmala holds the distinction of being India’s first planned eco-tourism destination. Spread across rich evergreen forests, it is a model initiative that promotes sustainable tourism while preserving the fragile ecosystem of the Western Ghats.

Experiences and Attractions

Thenmala is a hub of eco-friendly activities and outdoor adventures. Nature lovers, wildlife enthusiasts, and thrill-seekers will find plenty to explore.

• Adventure Zone: Offers mountain biking, river crossing, rock climbing, and nature trails set amidst dense woods.

• Leisure Zone: Features include a scenic canopy walkway, picnic areas, and a musical dancing fountain where water, light, and music perform in harmony.

• Culture Zone: An open-air amphitheatre hosts cultural performances showcasing local art and traditions.

• Sculpture Garden: Thoughtfully designed to portray the relationship between humans and nature through creative installations.

Families can visit the Children’s Eco Park with its fun treehouses and swings, while the Deer Rehabilitation Centre provides a safe habitat for spotted deer and sambars. The Lotus Pond, brimming with aquatic plants, adds to the tranquil setting. Local women run the Shop Court, selling forest products and handcrafted items, contributing to community empowerment.

Nearby Nature Escapes

• Palaruvi Waterfalls: A 300-foot-high waterfall nearby, managed through responsible eco-tourism by local communities.

• Manalar Waterfalls and Kumbavurutty Falls: Beautiful falls on the way to Achankovil, ideal for nature interaction.

• Shenduruney Wildlife Sanctuary: A biodiversity hotspot known for boating, birdwatching, and wildlife sightings.

• Hanging Bridge at Punalur: Located about 22 km away, it's a historic suspension bridge worth visiting en route.

Getting to Thenmala

Thenmala is easily accessible by road, rail, and air:

• By Road: Regular buses operate from Thiruvananthapuram and other major cities in Kerala. The Central Bus Station in Thiruvananthapuram offers hourly services.

• By Rail: The nearest railway station is at Kollam, around 60 km away, with excellent connectivity across Kerala and South India.

• By Air: The closest airport is Trivandrum International Airport, about 70 km from Thenmala, offering both domestic and international flights.

Taxis and local transport are available at both the railway station and airport. Many eco-lodges and hotels also assist with travel arrangements for tourists.

Why Visit Thenmala?

Thenmala is not just a destination—it’s an experience that combines conservation, community participation, and responsible tourism. Whether you're in search of tranquil landscapes, adventurous trails, or a deeper connection with nature, Thenmala offers it all in a sustainable and welcoming setting.

Ashtamudi Lake – The Gateway to Kerala's Enchanting Backwaters

Nestled in the heart of Kollam district, Ashtamudi Lake is one of Kerala's largest and most picturesque backwater destinations. Renowned for its serene waterways, lush coconut groves, traditional villages, and houseboat cruises, the lake is often called the "Gateway to Kerala's Backwaters." Covering an area of about 170 square kilometres, it is the second-largest wetland ecosystem in Kerala after Vembanad Lake and is recognised as a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance for its ecological value.

The name "Ashtamudi" comes from the Malayalam words "Ashta" (eight) and "Mudi" (branches), referring to the lake's distinctive eight-armed shape. Whether you are looking for a peaceful houseboat holiday, a canoe ride through quiet canals, birdwatching, or simply relaxing amid nature, Ashtamudi Lake offers an unforgettable backwater experience.

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Where is Ashtamudi Lake?

Ashtamudi Lake is located in Kollam district, approximately 70 km north of Thiruvananthapuram. It stretches across Kollam and several nearby villages before connecting to the Arabian Sea through Neendakara.

The lake serves as an important part of Kerala's inland waterway system and is the starting point of the famous Kollam–Alappuzha backwater cruise, considered one of the most scenic and longest backwater journeys in the state.

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Quick Facts About Ashtamudi Lake

Ashtamudi Lake is one of Kerala's most important backwater ecosystems, spreading across approximately 170 square kilometres. Famous for its unique eight-branched shape, tranquil waters, rich biodiversity, and picturesque villages, the lake attracts visitors from around the world.

The destination is ideal for families, honeymoon couples, photographers, birdwatchers, nature lovers, and houseboat travellers. Spending one or two days allows visitors to fully experience its scenic cruises, local culture, and peaceful surroundings.

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Why Visit Ashtamudi Lake?

Ashtamudi Lake is a perfect destination for those seeking relaxation and natural beauty.

Visitors come here for:

• Houseboat cruises
• Traditional canoe rides
• Scenic backwaters
• Beautiful sunsets
• Coconut-lined waterways
• Village life experiences
• Birdwatching
• Photography
• Fishing culture
• Fresh seafood
• Eco-tourism
• Peaceful atmosphere

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History of Ashtamudi Lake

For centuries, Ashtamudi Lake has played an important role in Kerala's maritime history. The ancient port of Kollam was one of India's leading international trading centres, welcoming merchants from Arabia, China, Rome, and Europe. The lake served as a major waterway connecting inland settlements with the Arabian Sea.

Today, while tourism has become one of its primary attractions, Ashtamudi continues to support traditional fishing communities and inland water transport.

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Climate

Season	Temperature
Winter (November–February)	22°C – 30°C
Summer (March–May)	26°C – 35°C
Monsoon (June–September)	24°C – 30°C

The pleasant tropical climate makes Ashtamudi Lake a year-round destination.

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Best Time to Visit

October to February

The most comfortable season for houseboat cruises, sightseeing, birdwatching, and photography.

March to May

Warm but suitable for boating and enjoying the peaceful backwaters.

June to September

The monsoon transforms the lake into a lush green paradise, creating spectacular scenery for nature lovers.

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Top Tourist Attractions

1. Houseboat Cruise

A houseboat cruise is the most popular way to explore Ashtamudi Lake. Visitors can enjoy comfortable accommodations, traditional Kerala cuisine, and breathtaking views while gliding through the calm waters.

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2. Munroe Island

Situated where the Kallada River meets Ashtamudi Lake, Munroe Island is famous for its narrow canals, mangrove forests, coconut groves, village life, and canoe rides. It offers an authentic glimpse into Kerala's backwater lifestyle.

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3. Chinese Fishing Nets

Traditional Chinese fishing nets along the lake provide excellent opportunities to observe local fishermen using age-old fishing techniques that have been practiced for centuries.

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4. Neendakara

Neendakara marks the point where Ashtamudi Lake meets the Arabian Sea. It is known for its fishing harbour, scenic views, and beautiful sunsets.

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5. Asramam Adventure Park

Located on the banks of the lake, Asramam Adventure Park offers boating, kayaking, children's activities, and walking paths, making it a popular destination for families.

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Things to Do

Visitors can enjoy a variety of experiences:

• Houseboat cruise
• Canoe ride
• Village tour
• Birdwatching
• Sunset cruise
• Photography
• Kayaking
• Fishing experiences
• Local seafood tasting
• Walking along the lakeshore

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Wildlife and Birdwatching

The lake supports rich biodiversity.

Common wildlife includes:

• Kingfishers
• Herons
• Egrets
• Cormorants
• Brahminy Kites
• Darters
• Waterhens
• Otters
• Freshwater fish
• Crabs

The wetlands surrounding the lake also attract migratory birds during winter.

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Local Cuisine

Visitors can enjoy delicious Kerala cuisine prepared using fresh local ingredients.

Popular dishes include:

• Karimeen Pollichathu
• Fish Curry
• Prawn Roast
• Crab Curry
• Appam and Stew
• Kerala Sadya
• Tapioca and Fish Curry
• Fresh Coconut Water
• Banana Chips
• Payasam

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Shopping

Popular souvenirs include:

• Cashew nuts
• Spices
• Coir products
• Coconut shell handicrafts
• Handmade mats
• Traditional handicrafts
• Banana chips
• Kerala spices

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Photography

Ashtamudi Lake offers spectacular photography opportunities.

Popular subjects include:

• Houseboats
• Sunrise
• Sunset
• Coconut-lined canals
• Village life
• Fishing boats
• Chinese fishing nets
• Birds
• Reflections on the water
• Canoes

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How to Reach

By Air

The nearest airport is Thiruvananthapuram International Airport, approximately 70 km away.

By Train

The nearest railway station is Kollam Junction, located about 3 km from the lake.

By Road

Ashtamudi Lake is well connected by road from major cities in Kerala.

Approximate Distances by Road

• Kollam – 3 km
• Thiruvananthapuram – 70 km
• Varkala – 30 km
• Alappuzha – 85 km
• Kottayam – 110 km
• Kochi – 140 km

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Where to Stay

Accommodation options include:

• Luxury houseboats
• Backwater resorts
• Boutique hotels
• Lakeside resorts
• Homestays
• Budget hotels

Many resorts offer spectacular views of the lake and private boat cruises.

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Suggested 2-Day Itinerary

Day 1

• Arrive at Kollam
• Houseboat cruise
• Lunch on the houseboat
• Sunset photography
• Overnight stay on the houseboat or at a lakeside resort

Day 2

• Early morning canoe ride
• Visit Munroe Island
• Explore village life
• Enjoy local seafood
• Return to Kollam

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Travel Tips

• Book houseboats in advance during the tourist season.
• Carry sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat.
• Visit early morning or evening for the best photography.
• Respect the local communities and environment.
• Avoid littering and use eco-friendly products.
• Carry binoculars for birdwatching.

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Interesting Facts About Ashtamudi Lake

• The name Ashtamudi means "Eight Branches" in Malayalam, referring to the lake's unique shape.
• It is the second-largest wetland ecosystem in Kerala.
• The lake has been recognised as a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance for its ecological significance.
• The famous Kollam–Alappuzha houseboat cruise begins here and is one of the longest backwater cruises in Kerala.
• Thousands of local families depend on the lake for fishing, clam collection, inland transport, and tourism.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Is Ashtamudi Lake suitable for families?

Yes. It is one of Kerala's most family-friendly backwater destinations, offering houseboat cruises, canoe rides, and peaceful lakeside experiences.

How many days should I spend at Ashtamudi Lake?

A stay of 1 to 2 days is ideal for enjoying a houseboat cruise and exploring the surrounding backwaters.

Is Ashtamudi Lake good for birdwatching?

Yes. The wetlands support numerous resident and migratory bird species, especially during winter.

Can I stay on a houseboat overnight?

Yes. Many operators offer overnight houseboat cruises with meals and comfortable accommodation.

Is Ashtamudi Lake suitable for photography?

Absolutely. The lake's tranquil waters, houseboats, fishing villages, coconut groves, and spectacular sunsets make it one of Kerala's finest destinations for landscape and travel photography.